Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, Feb, 2007

Authors: Michael H. Gold, Mitchel P. Goldman, Julie Biron

After 30 days, the mean in the periorbital wrinkle score decreased by 9%, whereas the mean in the perioral wrinkle score decreased by 8%. The wrinkle scores further improved after 60 days; the periorbital wrinkles decreased by 17% and the perioral wrinkles by 13%. Interestingly, the wrinkles further improved during the wash-out. After a 2-week period of not using the cream use, a decrease in the periorbital wrinkle score by 20% and in the perioral wrinkle score by 17% was observed.

經過30天每日兩次的使用，眼眶周圍的皺紋平均減少9％，而嘴角周圍皺紋平均減少8％。經過60天的使用後，眼眶周圍的皺紋平均減少17％，而嘴角周圍皺紋平均減少13％。有趣的是，經過兩週不再使用乳霜後再做檢視，發現眼眶周圍的皺紋平均減少更達到了20％，而嘴角周圍皺紋平均減少更達到17％。

The mean in the chin texture score decreased by 13% after 30 days, 17% after 60 days, and 18% after the wash-out. The mean in the cheek texture score also decreased by 9% after 30 days, 12% after 60 days, and 14% after the wash-out.

（下面這一段是大家之前所關心的皮膚穿透的問題）

To show efficacy for skin rejuvenation, growth factors and cytokines must penetrate skin in order to reach their target (ie, the respective cell surface receptor on keratinocytes or fibroblasts). However, proteins as large as growth factors and cytokines seem unlikely to penetrate skin. (18) On the other hand, various examples of protein contact allergies including latex imply that proteins indeed can penetrate intact skin after topical exposure, at least to a small extent. (19) This level of penetration is sufficient to induce an immediate allergic reaction. Similarly, due to the fact that growth factors and cytokines act at very low concentrations, they may penetrate normal skin in sufficient amounts to reach their respective cell surface receptors thereby inducing a response. Likely, these molecules may penetrate skin predominantly in a vertical pathway through the natural imperfection of skin such as 1) the follicular apparatus of hair follicles, 2) the sweat glands, and 3) microlesions in the interfollicular stratum corneum. (20)